Understanding Two Important Tests for Diabetes

Diabetes is one of the most common health conditions affecting millions of people worldwide, including many Filipinos. Early detection and regular monitoring are essential for preventing serious complications such as heart disease, kidney damage, nerve problems, and vision loss.

Two of the most commonly requested laboratory tests for diabetes are the Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) test and the HbA1c (Hemoglobin A1c) test. Although both measure blood sugar, they provide different information about your health.

Understanding the difference can help you and your healthcare provider make informed decisions about your treatment and overall wellness.

What Is a Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) Test?

A Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) test measures the amount of glucose in your blood after you have not eaten or consumed beverages (except water) for at least 8 to 12 hours.

This test provides a snapshot of your blood sugar level at a specific moment.

Why is it performed?

Doctors commonly request an FBS test to:

• Screen for diabetes and prediabetes

• Monitor blood sugar levels

• Evaluate how well diabetes treatment is working

• Assess your body’s ability to regulate glucose

How to prepare

Before your appointment:

• Fast for 8–12 hours.

• Drink only plain water.

• Avoid coffee, tea, juice, or sugary drinks.

• Continue medications only if instructed by your doctor.

What Is an HbA1c Test?

The HbA1c test, also known as the Hemoglobin A1c or Glycated Hemoglobin test, measures your average blood sugar level over the past two to three months.

Unlike the FBS test, HbA1c does not require fasting and gives healthcare providers a broader picture of your long-term glucose control.

Why is it important?

An HbA1c test helps:

• Diagnose diabetes and prediabetes

• Monitor long-term blood sugar management

• Evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes treatment

• Estimate the risk of diabetes-related complications

Fasting Blood Sugar vs. HbA1c

Which Test Is More Important?

Neither test is better than the other—they serve different purposes.

Your healthcare provider may recommend:

• Fasting Blood Sugar to determine your current glucose level.

• HbA1c to assess how well your blood sugar has been controlled over time.

In many cases, doctors request both tests to obtain a more complete understanding of your health.

Who Should Get Tested?

You should consider diabetes screening if you:

• Are 35 years old or older

• Are overweight or obese

• Have a family history of diabetes

• Have high blood pressure or high cholesterol

• Live a physically inactive lifestyle

• Have experienced increased thirst, frequent urination, or unexplained weight loss

• Had gestational diabetes during pregnancy

Early testing allows for timely treatment and lifestyle changes that can significantly improve long-term health.

Tips for Maintaining Healthy Blood Sugar Levels

Healthy habits can help reduce your risk of diabetes and support better glucose control:

• Eat a balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and whole grains.

• Limit sugary foods and sweetened beverages.

• Exercise regularly for at least 30 minutes most days of the week.

• Maintain a healthy body weight.

• Get enough sleep.

• Manage stress effectively.

• Schedule regular medical checkups and laboratory testing.

When Should You Visit a Diagnostic Center?

If your doctor recommends diabetes screening or you experience symptoms such as frequent urination, excessive thirst, fatigue, blurred vision, or slow-healing wounds, laboratory testing should not be delayed.

Early diagnosis is one of the most effective ways to prevent serious health complications.

Get Reliable Diabetes Screening

At Sunrise Health Check Diagnostic Center, we provide accurate and reliable laboratory testing, including Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and HbA1c tests, to help you monitor your health with confidence.

Our experienced healthcare professionals are committed to delivering quality diagnostic services and timely results to support your healthcare journey.

Schedule your laboratory test today and take the first step toward better diabetes prevention and management.